Pinker, S. (2012). New York, NY: Oxford University Press. (2012, February 17). and the Russia-Ukraine War: A Collection Social Science Space is curating resources and publications relating to the Russian invasion of Ukraine, the global response to the aggression, the humanitarian crisis unfolding as a result, and what steps toward an end to the violence are available. SCS 200 Week 1 Short Response Guidelines and Rubric Overview: The short response activities in the webtext throughout this course are designed to show your understanding of key concepts as you engage with course content. War is sustained armed conflict that causes large-scale loss of life or extreme material destruction (Worrell, 2011, p. 1). It is a tremendously important branch of research that examines what it means to be a social being, how individuals function together as organized groups and societies, and how they interact with each other on issues of common interest. Although war is a social phenomenon arising from decisions of political and military officials, other phenomena can make it more likely that these officials will decide to go to war. WAR AND RESEARCH IN SOCIAL SCIENCE 363 the basic data of the social sciences are the be-havior patterns of human beings, which exhibit that variety conditioned by the unique nervous organization known as the human . (2012, February 8). Instances of use of United States forces abroad, 17981993. A social studies essay might be assigned to any middle school, high school, or college student. In another example, the Navy is designing a new series of nuclear submarines, with construction planned to start in 2019. Several years later, she was still having many health problems and could not forget what happened to her. Audit of Pentagon spending finds $70 billion in waste. The 1964 Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, in which Congress authorized President Lyndon Johnson to wage an undeclared war in Vietnam, was passed after North Vietnamese torpedo boats allegedly attacked US ships. Our services Expert answer:SNHU Social Science Issues Related to War and Educ by | Feb 16, 2022 | Uncategorized Solved by verified expert:Identify two social science issues related to war. But he also notes that the Korean and Vietnam wars included many atrocities committed by American troops against civilians. Shaping in Strategic Competition: How to Win Friends and Influence People with Military Power Kyle Atwell | 02.06.23 First, war, terrorism, genocide, and other armed conflicts do continue. The wealthy European countries that compose the bulk of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), an international consortium, spend 2.5 percent of their total economy (gross domestic product, or GDP) on their militaries. ABSTRACT This essay examines ways in which American social science in the late twentieth century wasand was nota creature of the Cold War. They suffer terrible physical and mental wounds that can maim them for life (Dao, 2012). As these numbers make clear, military personnel who commit rape and sexual assault almost always avoid any punishment. The European nations decisions to limit their military spending allows more spending for social needs. to social improvement. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. Retrieved from http://www.alternet.org/world/151337/are_we_giant_suckers_while_the_us_blows_money_on_the_military,_europe _spends_dough_on_social_programs. Choices under fire: Moral dimensions of World War II. Students gain a deep understanding of the ways that social scientists and historians have analyzed the identities, experiences, and worldviews of U.S. military veterans. napalm sticks to kids. Federation of American Scientists. Second, members of Congress fear being labeled weak on defense if they try to reduce the military budget or do not agree to new weapons systems requested by the Pentagon. The suicide rate of Iraq and Afghanistan veterans is thus more than three times higher than that of the general public (Martinez & Bingham, 2011). Retrieved from http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/obamas-damaging-blow-to-our-military/2012/01/12/gIQA3eMhuP_story.html. Answer preview to identify two social science issues related to war. More than 20,000 nuclear warheads now exist; 4,800 are operational and almost 2,000 (held by the United States and Russia) are on high alert, ready to be used at any time (Federation of American Scientists, 2011). Washington, DC: Congressional Research Service. Victims of military rape deserve justice. Slate. Some 400,000 tons of napalm were used altogether. . History shows that when these resources become too scarce within a society, that society is more likely to go to war to wrest these resources from another society (Gleditsch & Theisen, 2010). Indeed, the Marcums situation is far from rare among the families of the 2 million veterans of the Iraq and Afghanistan wars. Social science is the scholarly study of human society and social relationships. Using the example of Mozambique, Guatemala and others, this paper will discuss the way in which . A.I.D.E. He applauds the Korean and Vietnam memorials in Washington, but he laments that neither mentions the people of those countries who perished in the conflicts (Tirman, 2012, p. B01). When these problems occur, they may ironically worsen the psychological state of these veterans. Killer species. In terms of the risk of dying in war, then, the Mongolian wars were five times more deadly than World War II. Although the truce later dissolved and labor-management conflict resumed, labor eventually won some limited rights thanks partly to its support for the war. When sexual assaults and sexual harassment are added to the crimes mentioned to respondents, between 22 percent and 84 percent of women report being raped, sexually assaulted, and/or sexually harassed while serving. In 2010, the US official military budget (defense outlays only) was $698 billion. McKeeby, D. (2008, February 25). However, other scientists dispute the evolutionary explanation for several reasons (Begley, 2009). (2011). We call them social issues when they start negatively impacting a specific group of people. Other political and economic changes brought by war are less obvious. (2011). The trend continued in 2013, when we funded seven projects. The hope arises from historical evidence that the number of international wars, civil wars, and other types of armed conflict has in fact declined over the centuries, with the number in the past half-century much smaller than in centuries past (Pinker, 2012). Planes sprayed and bombed these chemicals. However, issues also affect higher education, and we examine a few of them here. Leitenberg, M. (2006). It . In this manner, a genetic tendency for physical aggression and warfare developed and thus still exists today. Gleditsch, N. P., & Theisen, O. M. (2010). Where your income tax money really goes. But not all civilians are affected equally. (2012). The cause for despair is twofold. The high unemployment rate of the Iraq and Afghanistan veterans has made this need even more urgent. Retrieved February 17, 2012, from http://www.globalissues.org/issue/73/arms-trade-a-major-cause-of-suffering. Voice of America News. New York, NY: Penguin. Are we giant suckers? Chapter 15 Population and the Environment also discussed environmental change as a source of armed conflict, including war (Fisman & Miguel, 2010). There is the natural fear that loved ones will never return from their overseas involvement in armed conflict. Chapter 1 / Exercise 3 Unwarranted Influence: Dwight D. Eisenhower and the military-industrial complex. This episode of Social Science of War examines a range of issues related to Army talent managementfrom the ways in which service in the. Sexual assault in the US military: A review of the literature and recommendations for the future. Newsweek, 5262. Explain your answer. As a historian summarized this connection, By the end of the war, labors wartime mobilization and participation had increased its relative power within European societies. As a result, reported rapes and sexual assaults compose only a very small percentage of all military rapes and sexual assaults. War made easy: How presidents and pundits keep spinning us to death. This same sum could be used to pay the salaries of 10,000 new teachers earning $30,000 per year or to build twenty elementary schools at a cost of $15 million each. Another dimension of militarism involves arms exports by both the US government and US military contractors. In making this very important decision, Europe has chosen butter over guns. They say the United States could safely decrease its nuclear and conventional weapons arsenals without at all endangering national security. Virtual reality for the social science issues related to war, the first thing that comes to mind is the effect on the families. The nation rightly grieved these deaths when they occurred and built monuments, such as the Korean and Vietnam veterans memorials in Washington, DC, that list the names of the dead. Retrieved from http://www.history.navy.mil/library/online/american%20war%20casualty.htm; http://web.archive.org/web/20070711050249/http://www.cwc.lsu.edu/other/stats/warcost.htm; Hacker, J. D. (2011, September 20). The two atomic bombs dropped by the United States over Japan during World War II killed tens of thousands of civilians. These issues are made complex particularly because of conflicting values concerning drug use within modern societies. appeared first on Yourhomeworksolutions. Deaths in wars and conflicts in the 20th century. New York, NY: Vintage Books. Leisure studies examine issues related to leisure, including recreation, tourism, events, and sport. Their unemployment rate was 13.1 percent in December 2011, compared to only 8.5 percent for the general public; the unemployment rate for veterans ages 2024 was near 30 percent (Dewan, 2011; Zornick, 2012). To be blunt, American troops simply shot untold hundreds of Korean and Vietnamese civilians in cold blood. New York, NY: Farrar, Straus and Giroux. Reid Kasprowicz A Flag for the Fallen CC BY-NC-ND 2.0. If warlike tendencies were part of human genetic heritage, these convictions would not exist. Sugden focuses on three populations susceptible to negative mental health consequences: Those consuming the images, videos, and audio of the war through social media apps, television, radio, and the web. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Peace Studies Program. They are also more likely to engage in drug use and binge drinking. Much of these mandatory expenses are funded by trust funds, such as Social Security taxes, which are raised and spent separately from income taxes. Washington, DC: Author. A poem about napalm, reportedly written by members of the US First Air Cavalry, surfaced during the war. To do so, it routinely deployed chemical weapons such as Agent Orange (dioxin, a known carcinogen), napalm, and white phosphorous. Retrieved from http://www.history.navy.mil/wars/foabroad.htm. Resources, the environment, and conflict. Arms trade: A major cause of suffering. As a result, and despite the fact that endeavors to reward labor for its wartime cooperation were, in general, provisional, partial, and half-hearted, it was nonetheless the case that labor achieved some real gains (Halperin, 2004, p. 155). The suicide rate of the general population is only 11.3 deaths per 100,000 population. (2011). Describe some of the factors that have influenced this social institution in India. Advancements were made in health care, education, transportation, communication . The American Civil War, also called the War Between the States, then tore it apart less than a century later. Although the causes of World War II are complex, Hitlers effort to conquer much of Europe stemmed at least partly from his belief that Aryans (Germans and other Europeans with blond hair and blue eyes) were a superior species and non-Aryans were an inferior species (Bess, 2008). Jobs, hobbies, friends, even parental obligations to young children fall by the wayside. Introduction. Before the war, violent labor strikes were common in Britain and other European nations. As the text discusses, most military women who are raped or sexually assaulted do not report these crimes to military authorities. This same yearly amount could have paid for one years worth (California cost figures) of all of the following (National Priorities Project, 2012): All these figures demonstrate that war and preparation for war indeed have a heavy human cost, not only in the numbers of dead and wounded, but also in the diversion of funds from important social functions and needs. For exam View the full answer Previous question Next question In support of this evolutionary argument, some scientists note that chimpanzees and other primates also engage in group aggression against others of their species (Wrangham, 2004). Social studies is an integrated research field. New York, NY: Metropolitan Books. social science, any branch of academic study or science that deals with human behaviour in its social and cultural aspects. Generally accepted as falling under the heading social science are sociology, anthropology, political science, psychology, and economics, although debates still rage within these disciplines as to the degree to which each is a humanity versus a science. The Korean and Vietnam veterans memorials in the nations capital and so many other memorials across the nation remind us of the hundreds of thousands of brave men and women who have died serving their country. This article is intended to investigate the war-related psycho-social problems and mitigating strategies of war declared on Ethiopia's Amhara region civilians. Wells, T. (1994). As just one example of such waste, a 2011 federal audit found that cost overruns over the prior two years had added at least $70 billion to projected costs of various weapons systems (Drew, 2011). Source: First F-35C Flight, Wikipedia, Last modified on November 20, 2011, http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:First_F-35C_Flight.ogv. His wife April had to quit her teaching job to take care of him, and their life savings slowly dwindled. tific Monthly 50: 5-17, 1940. Around the globe, US military bases generate resentment, not security. Worrell, M. P. (2011). One of the many sad truisms of war is that its impact on a society is greatest when the war takes place within the societys boundaries. Identify two social science issues related to war. A popular explanation comes from the field of evolutionary biology and claims that a tendency toward warfare is hardwired into our genetic heritage because it conferred certain evolutionary advantages. Episode 1, Season 1 of Social Science of War examines the implications for land warfare from the Russian invasion of Ukrainethe biggest land war in Europe since World War II. A fifth and related group is composed of social reconstructionists or critical pedagogues, who cast social studies in schools in a leading role in the One of the most obvious problems is war, which, I would argue, has become obsolete. As a result, observes one economics writer, most Europeans have universal health care, deeply subsidized education (including free university tuition in many countries), modern infrastructure, good mass transit, and far less poverty than the United States has. US veterans: By the numbers. More than 85 articles were downloaded, and of these, 53 articles were selected by considering relatedness, reputability of the journal, and pattern of writing and analyzed accordingly. Table 16.2 US Participation in Major Wars listed the hundreds of thousands of troop deaths in American wars. According to the Education Research Center, United States, around 7,000 high school students drop out of school every day.The high drop out rates are propelled by social issues in education as mentioned above. Second, many societies studied by anthropologists have been very peaceful, suggesting that a tendency to warfare is more cultural than biological. After World War II, the GI Bill helped millions of veterans to go to college and otherwise readjust to civilian life. Theme: Exploring Social Science Issues, learning block 1-1 (page 4) CNN.com. When napalm ends up on human skin, it causes incredibly severe pain and burns down to the bone, with death often resulting. The Washington Post. Still, tensions often arise. Wars occur both between nations and within nations, when two or more factions engage in armed conflict. . . As this overview of the debate over military spending indicates, the military remains a hot topic more than two decades after the Cold War ended following the demise of the Soviet Union. Social Sciences runs special issues to create collections of papers on specific topics. Outline both sides to the debate over the size of the US military budget. If we say the history of the United States has been written in war, that is not too much of an exaggeration. His bodys here, but his mind is not here anymore. Tirman, J. The second period is 19391945, when World War II killed 55 million people. War is a social phenomenon in which a mixture of motives underlies decisions to go to war. War also has impact beyond the consequences for civilians and veterans. US Census Bureau. In M. D. Cavelty & V. Mauer (Eds. Holland, J. 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