%PDF-1.5 % Many families lacked older femalesand many of those females had no tusks. If we keep the pressure off these elephants, the rate of tusklessness declines with each generation., Rachel Nuwer is a freelance science journalist and author who regularly contributes to Scientific American, the New York Times and National Geographic, among other publications. Its something I had puzzled over for so long, says Poole, co-founder and scientific director of ElephantVoices, a nonprofit science and conservation organization. But the proportion of tuskless elephants has increased in some populations. This Click & Learn shows that keystone species exist across a variety of ecosystems and can exert their influence in different ways. Poachers, she knew, prioritized elephants with the largest tusks. 6. Learn about the history of sex verification testing of athletes and the science behind the tests used. This video follows the work of researchers conducting the first census. chromosome, differences in sex development (DSD), estrogen, Olympics, ovary, primary/secondary sex characteristic, sex determining region Y (SRY), testes, testosterone, X inactivation. Analyzing Data on Tuskless Elephants Pre-Video Activity 1. eaht``wC(#U]}I)C endstream endobj 416 0 obj <. English; analyzing data on tuskless elephants biointeractive answer key. It also includes a library of ready-to-use videos with embedded questions. In this article, professor Phil Gibson discusses how he uses modified version of our Data Point activities as simplified case studies. Campbell-Staton was just as perplexed by this as Poole had been, and he soon struck up a collaboration with her and other elephant ecologists. Like other places that had undergone intense poaching, Gorongosas female elephants exhibited an abnormally high proportion of tusklessness. ;X2ELb/6-qRrT3p0=qb3]1#>7}}2D/Q 59E ,;! This web tool provides a quick and easy way of visualizing and analyzing data without advanced technological requirements. keyboard_arrow_up Show footer Describe how biological sex and gender differ from each other. Elephant tusks are important for obtaining food and water, and essential to male elephants for competing for mates, so one might expect strong natural selection for having tusks. This tool can be used to add pause points, questions, and labels to any BioInteractive video. It seemed simple enoughexcept we drove all day, every day for a week and didnt see a single elephant.. Suggest some ways to reduce the number of elephants that are illegally killed each year. This activity builds on information presented in the video Selection for Tuskless Elephants. Using Data to Investigate Elephant Evolution, The Genetics of Tusklessness in Elephants, Developing an Explanation for Tuskless Elephants, Using Genetic Evidence to Identify Ivory Poaching Hotspots. HHMI is investing in increasing racial, ethnic, and gender diversity in academic science to create environments in which everyone can thrive. This interactive module explores the diversity of viruses based on structure, genome type, host range, transmission mechanism, replication cycles, and vaccine availability. ea`|wC"bSfoxjtZ&T2(i+q,|:m!J@ dP6H EEH6~SlL.3a5, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Statistical Data Explorer. In this activity, students work with authentic research data to explore the impact of poaching on African elephants. 3. a. The Genetics of Tusklessness in Elephants This video follows scientists working in Gorongosa National Park as they try to determine the genes responsible for tusk development in elephants. 452 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<236583C912FAC64F88BAF3D554E36451>]/Index[415 68]/Info 414 0 R/Length 157/Prev 328511/Root 416 0 R/Size 483/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream 2023 Scientific American, a Division of Springer Nature America, Inc. This study is among the first to show that selective killing of large vertebrates can have a direct impact on evolutionary change, says Fanie Pelletier, an ecologist at the University of Sherbrooke in Quebec, who co-authored a perspective piece in Science about the research. Keep up with the latest from BioInteractive! Elephants were not an obvious choice for Campbell-Staton, who has mostly focused on lizards until now. Most of the elephants killed naturally did have tusks. In this activity, students engage in key science practices that scientists used to figure out ecosystem dynamics in the Serengeti. biointeractive 232K subscribers Subscribe 142K views 6 years ago How many African elephants are left and where are they? Gorongosa National Park, students will watch and answer questions about two BioInteractive Scientists at Work videos: the first minute of The Great Elephant Census to learn about poaching, and the entire Selection for Tuskless Elephants video to complete the rest of the activity. This interactive module explores the biology of sex determination and development in humans, set against the backdrop of the different sex testing policies implemented throughout sports history. 7. Discover tools to help plan lessons and opportunities to support professional learning. hb```lJB There was a huge skew in the sex ratio, with very few adult males. !: H3d -:Cg Zf d1 Poaching tips scales of elephant evolution, The Genetics of Tusklessness in Elephants, Using Genetic Evidence to Identify Ivory Poaching Hotspots, Using Data to Investigate Elephant Evolution, Developing an Explanation for Tuskless Elephants, Moth Mimicry: Using Ultrasound to Avoid Bats. This video follows Joyce Poole and other scientists working in Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique, who made the observation that many female elephants lack tusks. 316 0 obj <>stream By watching segments of this video, students will follow the analyses and discoveries of Joyce Poole, a scientist who has studied elephants for many years. The Click & Learn uses ongoing debates about the eligibility of certain female athletes to participate in women's events as an entry point for students to learn the processes involved in human reproductive development. It engages students in analyzing data to make evidence-based claims about the occurrence of tusklessness in elephant populations. Selection for Tuskless Elephants. video until time 1:46 and answer the following questions. Explore the methods scientists use to survey elephants. a. adaptation, claim, evidence, frequency, phenotype, poaching, population, reasoning, selection, selective pressure, variation. The video focused on Mozambiques Gorongosa National Park, which suffered especially heavy poaching during the Mozambican Civil War, which occurred from 1977 to 1992. Students apply what they have learned to evaluate the results of different tests that have been used throughout sports history to qualify female athletes to compete. Learning Objectives & Practices: ERT-2.A, ERT-2.H, EIN-4.C, SP5, SP6, ELA.RST.9-12.7, ELA.WHST.9-12.1 Women who are affected by the syndrome survive, but they typically have altered tooth morphology. Hear how experienced science educators are using BioInteractive resources with their students. As of 2014, about 350,000 savanna elephants were living in Africa. Using those samples, they identified candidate regions in the genome that, when mutated, seemed to explain tusklessness and its apparent male lethality. In this study, scientists used DNA profiling to determine where ivory seized from poachers had originated. Elephants with large tusks are targeted by poachers, who sell the tusks on the ivory market. The researchers first needed to determine whether it was actually the selection from poaching that led to a disproportionate number of tuskless individuals or if it was just some fluke of chance that emerged as the population crashed. This interactive module explores how different animals elephants, birds, and bats have evolved distinct ways of using sound to communicate. Data Points are useful resources that use figures from the primary literature and guided sets of supporting questions. Explore our digital archive back to 1845, including articles by more than 150 Nobel Prize winners. The same high-quality resources are now available with new features, including a logged-in experience. Planarians can be used to investigate a variety of biological phenomena like animal behavior, mitosis, taxonomy, and more. Let's Go! v0E H+1Q` d The immune system responds to pathogens in two main ways: innate and adaptive immune responses. Scientists . |U#62RF>^/,[4@[S5MT3M_q+; u* Students use scientific evidence and reasoning to construct an explanation of and develop an argument for tusklessness in elephant populations. hbbd```b``"WHg -,^ Because tusks continuously grow throughout an elephants lifetime, and because males tusks weigh about seven times those of females, older males tended to be the first to go, followed by younger males and then older females. Perri Carr describes how she uses BioInteractives elephant resources to teach concepts ranging from biotechnology to genetics to ecology and conservation. Answers may vary. hb```f``z' B@QKm>%QXP^miq4YtnT50WS'.*^916SqKi"%df%IE400(wt@*06sx9 g! The Google Drive folder is set as View Only; to save a copy of a document in this folder to your Google Drive, open that document, then select File Make a copy. These documents can be copied, modified, and distributed online following the Terms of Use listed in the Details section below, including crediting BioInteractive. Articles that connect current events to BioInteractive resources. This video follows scientists working in Gorongosa National Park as they try to determine the genes responsible for tusk development in elephants. In 1989, when elephant ethologist Joyce Poole began carrying out surveys of three East African elephant populations to understand the impact that heavy poaching was having on them, she quickly noted several stark trends. Scientific Explanation of Evolution by Natural Selection. Elephant Evolution and Adaptation. 254 0 obj <> endobj Hhmi Biointeractive Answer Key. (The first six weeks, as well as the culminating project . This video presents an intriguing phenomenon: two patients who carry the same genetic variation, which is known to cause sickle cell disease, have very different outcomes. 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